What Is a 24-Hour Urine Albumin Test?
The 24-Hour Urine Albumin test evaluates how much albumin passes from your blood into your urine in 24 hours. Albumin is an essential blood protein, and healthy kidneys usually prevent it from leaking into urine.
If albumin appears in higher amounts, it may indicate early kidney damage—often before symptoms appear.
Why Is the 24-Hour Urine Albumin Test Important?
This test is especially important because it:
Detects early kidney disease
Monitors diabetic nephropathy
Assesses hypertension-related kidney damage
Helps evaluate cardiovascular risk
Tracks kidney function progression over time
Early detection through a 24-Hour Urine Albumin test can prevent irreversible kidney failure with timely treatment.
Who Should Get This Test?
Doctors commonly recommend this test for:
People with diabetes
Patients with high blood pressure
Individuals with a family history of kidney disease
Those experiencing swelling in legs or face
Patients with abnormal routine urine test results
How Is the 24-Hour Urine Albumin Test Done?
The procedure is simple but requires accuracy:
Discard the first urine sample in the morning.
Collect all urine for the next 24 hours in a provided container.
Store the container in a cool place.
Submit the sample to the laboratory after 24 hours.
Normal Range of 24-Hour Urine Albumin
| Albumin Level | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| < 30 mg/day | Normal |
| 30–300 mg/day | Microalbuminuria (early kidney damage) |
| > 300 mg/day | Macroalbuminuria (significant kidney disease) |
Causes of High Urine Albumin Levels
Elevated albumin levels may occur due to:
Poorly controlled diabetes
Long-term hypertension
Kidney infections
Glomerulonephritis
Excessive physical exertion
Dehydration
Temporary increases can also occur due to fever or stress.
How to Prepare for the Test
To ensure accurate results:
Avoid intense exercise 24 hours before the test
Inform your doctor about medications
Maintain normal fluid intake
Follow collection instructions carefully
Benefits of Early Detection
Early identification through a 24-Hour Urine Albumin test allows:
Slowing kidney disease progression
Better blood sugar and BP management
Reduced risk of dialysis
Improved long-term quality of life